Wood Joining Methods (Miter Joint, Dovetail Joint, Dowel Joint, Bridle Joint)
Miter Joint
Dovetail Joint (Dovetail Notching Lath Top Joining)
Dowel Joint
Bridle Joint
Polyester fabric is a type of fabric that is widely used today. Polyester is not a natural fabric, it is factory made. It is a synthetic fabric. Polyester is the name of the raw material of the yarn from which weaving is made. It is a synthetic woven material known to be durable and relatively inexpensive to produce. In polyester, it can be divided into Ethylene polyester, plant-based polyester and PCDT polyester.
General Features
Why did they choose this material for this product?
Thanks to its versatility, polyester is used in many situations. High strength and durability make it very suitable for clothing production. Being a strong fiber, polyester can withstand strong and repetitive motion. Its hydrophobic (water repellent) feature is ideal for clothes and jackets to be used in wet or humid environments, coating the fabric with a water-resistant coating intensifies this effect. Polyester fibers are sometimes spun together with natural fibers to produce fabric with blended properties. Wool and cotton would be a good example because when blended together they increase wrinkle resistance.
Usage Areas
In the fashion industry, it is mainly used for shirts, pants, suits, bags, shoes, sportswear, bed sheets, etc. used to make. For industrial use, it is used to make air filters, carpets, ropes, films, fishing nets, bottles, high-end wood guitar covers, pianos, liquid crystal displays, wire, phone cases, and more.
Manufacturing Techniques
Polyester is a chemical term degradable poly means a lot and ester is an essential organic chemical compound. The main component used in the production of polyester is ethylene, which is obtained from petroleum. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester, and the chemical process that produces the finished polyester is called polymerization. Polyester is produced by one of several methods. What is used depends on the form the finished polyester will take. The four basic forms are filament, staple, drawstring and fiberfill. In filament form, each strand of polyester fiber is continuous in length and produces fabrics with smooth surfaces. In staple form, filaments are cut into short, predetermined lengths. In this form, polyester is easier to mix with other fibers. Drawing is a form in which continuous filaments are pulled loosely together. Fiber filling is the bulky form used in the production of quilts, pillows and outerwear. The two most commonly used forms are filament and fiber.
Similar Materials
Cotton: Cotton is a natural product that grows in plants. Cotton is breathable by nature which means air can easily flow through it. It helps sweat evaporate quickly and helps clothes and bedding stay fresh longer. Cotton is also naturally hypoallergenic so people with contact allergies can safely wear this material without fear of a reaction.
Nylon: Nylon is a fully synthetic material most commonly used as an alternative to silk. Nylon can also be made into a plastic or even a resin. It is a flexible material that is known for its stretching ability but retains its shape.
Polypropylene Fabric: Polypropylene is a lightweight type of plastic. It was originally used in factories for the mass production of plastic products, but today it is most commonly a textile or fabric.
References
https://kleiderly.com/blogs/kleiderly-magazine/fabric-series-all-about-polyester
http://www.madehow.com/Volume-2/Polyester.html
https://kumaskagitmakas.com/polyester-kumas-nedir-ozellikleri/
https://www.qualitylogoproducts.com/promo-university/guide-to-materials.htm
https://www.aanyalinen.com/blogs/aanya-blog/polyester-vs-cotton
Group
First, the wooden part was determined. Then, this wooden piece was cut by the carpenter with the help of a wood cutting machine, a sliding wood circular saw machine, in accordance with the determined dimensions (below).
There are a total of eighteen pieces, six each for three different awards. These pieces were glued together in specified shapes with quick wood glue.
After the pieces were assembled in the determined shapes, they were painted with golden spray paint.
After the painting process, the text and crystal piece were added to the awards.
Image Sources:
https://www.homestratosphere.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/lined-up-mdf-boards-jan062020-min.jpg
https://ae01.alicdn.com/kf/HTB18KzSuVmWBuNjSspdq6zugXXak/8-Sliding-Woodworking-Table-Saw-210mm-DIY-Wood-Circular-Saw-220V-900W-8-Electric-Saw-DIY.jpg
https://www.freepik.com/free-photo/carpenter-process-renovating-making-wooden-table_17545582.htm
Porcelain is a generally known and found material that people generally prefer because it is durable, versatile and visually appealing. It is a material made by heating materials such as porcelain, kaolin and other constituent clays, feldspar or flint and silica to very high temperatures, ranging from 1200°C to 1400°C, in a furnace.Porcelains are divided into 3 different categories: Hard Paste,Soft Paste,Bone China
Feldspar: This type of porcelain is slightly translucent due to the high percentage of glass phase in its structure. It is durable and fired at a temperature of approximately 1,300 – 1,400 ºC. Feldspar porcelains are continuous with soft paste porcelains.
General Features
Why did they choose this material for this product?
With its tougher, thinner, lighter structure, more elegant shapes, durability, and easy-to-clean vitreous coating, porcelain was instantly accepted by people as a better alternative to pottery and quickly improved people’s lives, especially for eating and drinking. Since porcelain is an inert and heat resistant material, it does not cause any chemicals that may harm the body to mix with the food. Using porcelain for the home does not pose any risk to general health. It is also used in electronics because it is a good insulator.
Usage Areas
Manufacturing Techniques
The necessary raw materials are selected and the necessary quantities are subtracted by weight, they are made to go through a series of preparation stages. To begin with, they are first crushed, then purified. It is then mixed together before undergoing several shaping processes. The forming process can be any of the pressing, casting, hard plastic forming or soft plastic forming processes. The choice of forming process will generally depend on the type of porcelain ware to be produced. After forming the porcelain body, it is fired, then it can be glazed. Glass is the process of firing a decorative layer of glass into a ceramic body. Finally, the porcelain is then fired. Some porcelain is shaped and fired in what is called a ‘bisque’
In summary, the manufacturing process of porcelain includes crushing the materials to be used, cleaning and mixing these materials, shaping the body, firing if necessary, followed by glazing and re-firing.
Similar Materials
Ceramic: It is formed by the combination of materials such as clay and kaolin. It is easy to shape. It is rougher than porcelain. Can be used indoors. It may be cheaper than porcelain.
Stoneware: Stone is made from a specific clay that is fired at a higher temperature of 1,200°C. This results in a more durable material with a denser, stone-like quality. The finished product will be waterproof and will not need glazing unlike earthenware.
Earthenware: Soil is clay that is fired at relatively low temperatures between 1,000 and 1,150 degrees. This results in a slightly porous hardened but brittle material, so it cannot be used to contain water. To fix this, a glaze is used to cover the object before it is fired a second time in the furnace and waterproofed.
References
Syringes, which are generally used in the medical field, are disposable and suitable for sterile use. Syringes are sterile and are produced as disposable. Syringes are made of hard plastic. Syringes working with piston logic are used for injecting or taking liquid. Body and tip parts of syringes are hard plastic and produced from polypropylene and/or polyethylene raw material and syringes are produced by injection method. The needle at the end of the syringes is made of stainless metal and is also disposable.
Its body is transparent and plastic. The reason why it is transparent is to be able to see the liquid and its amount. At the end of the body, there is a piece where the needle and the piece holding the needle can be placed. The part where the needle and the liquid are pushed is made of plastic. At the end of this part, there is a plastic that prevents the liquid from flowing back and passing, pushing the liquid forward. The tip of the syringe is a plastic piece that holds the needle and connects the needle and syringe body with each other.
The pros and cons of the plastic water bottle will be discussed.The plastic water bottle is one of the most used packages today, where water is stored as a common need of people. Plastic water bottle has its pros to carry the water we need with us because there is the amount of water people need to consume on a daily basis, besides plastic water bottles have some cons.
Thanks to its plastic water bottle packaging and easy portability, it can always be found with us. Plastic water bottles come in different sizes and quantities of packaging. We can choose and carry these water bottles in a way that we will need in our daily life or that we can easily carry with us. Since it is plastic, there is no danger of breakage as a result of dropping it or getting hit in our bag, and it is light, there is no much packaging weight. Plastic water bottles do not leak. It can be carried in different liquids in plastic water bottles. Plastic water bottles are made of a polyethylene material called PET. Not suitable for long-term use. In addition to all these, it is said that the plastic water bottle can be harmful to health for long use because it is said that the plastic material can have a toxic effect in long-term use. Plastic bottles also have harmful aspects such as bad odor and bacterial production in long-term use. In addition, if plastic bottles are thrown into nature, it can take many years to disappear in nature. For this reason, it may be both polluting the environment and harming the nature. These may have cons of plastic water bottles.
Considering all these details, plastic bottles should be used for single use in a way that is not harmful to health and should be recycled when we are finished. In this way, the damage to both health and the environment will be minimized.
Material and Technology 
