Material Library

Steel

Steel is the world’s most important engineering and construction material. It is used in every aspect of our lives; in cars and construction products, refrigerators and washing machines, cargo ships and surgical scalpels. It can be recycled over and over again without loss of property.

properties of steel

Yield Strength (Yield Stress or Point)

The yield strength of a material is the point at which a material begins to undergo a significant increase in the rate of strain in relation to stress. At this point ductile materials such as low carbon steel will begin to undergo significant deformation. An example of this is an overfilled room where the floor begins to deflect far more than what is typical.

Tensile Strength (Ultimate Stress)

The tensile or ultimate stress of a material is the point at which deflection will continue until fracture unless if the load is reduced. In other words this the amount of stress that will cause a material to fail with enough time. If you approach the tensile strength of a material you will either need to add reinforcement, increase the cross sectional area, switch to a higher strength material, or reduce the load

Elongation

Elongation measures how much a material will stretch compared to its initial state prior to fracturing.The more brittle a material is the less it will elongate prior to fracturing. Materials such as concrete or glass are extremely brittle and fracture or crack if they experience nearly any elongation. Metals however vary significantly in how much they can elongate prior to failure. For instance, alloy and low-carbon steels will typically elongate far more than high-carbon steels.

Hardness

The hardness of a material measures how much it will resist local plastic deformation due to mechanical indentation or abrasion. Typically metals will be hardened through a heat treatment process after being formed or machined in order to meet required specifications without dramatically increasing manufacturing costs.

Very hard steel such as chisels, high quality knives, tools, and files have hardness of between HRC 55-66. Meanwhile non-heat treated steel such as A36 doesn’t even use the higher HRC scale and has a hardness of only HRB 67-83 or HRC N/A-2 (HRB 67 doesn’t overlap with the HRC scale).

If you ever wondered why the quality of a knife edge or cutting tool can vary so much it is because of hardness. When you pay for a top quality knife or tool a lot of what you are paying for is the added work and difficulty it takes to acquire the desired hardness which can last without dulling for far longer than low quality competitors.

Types of Steel

Low Carbon Steel

Properties

Carbon Content: 0.05% to 0.30%

Weldability: High

Hardenability: Low

Machinability: Low

Workability: High

Wear Resistance: Low

strength to weight ratio: Low

Usage

• Civil Structures (Bridges and Buildings)
• Car Bodies
• Ships
• Consumer Product Applications

Medium Carbon Steel

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Kas 17, 2021 12:14 am

Product Review: Dish Sponge

In this article, I will talk about the synthetic dish sponge used in the kitchen, which most of us know.

The dish sponge consists of two layers. The top layer has a harder structure than the bottom layer so that permanent dirt can be easily removed.

It foams easily and has a water-absorbing structure.

The problems we experience with dish sponges; Due to the water-absorbent and soft structure of the sponge, it wears out easily.

Product Reviev: Lighter

The lighter is a product that almost everyone has today and uses it every day. Especially smokers benefit from this product at many times of the day. There are many types of lighters. For example, kitchen lighters that stand a little taller and coarser, small pocket lighters; lighters that do not go out in the wind, which we call wind lighters, and there are many different designs. The lighter can also be used continuously by constantly filling it with a gas we call butane gas, which provides a good economic opportunity. Although the lighter is really useful, one of the bad things is that it can be easily lost.

Butane is a gas that is easily liquefied under pressure, located in a gaseous state at room temperature. It is stored in a liquid state under pressure in the lighter mechanism. When the pressure decreases, it turns into a gas and becomes extremely flammable. It can burn even with the slightest spark. Thanks to the mechanism located just below the button of the lighter, this gas ignites and a flame comes out of the hole.

PLASTIC FLASK

Flask has been produced from various metarials and used by humans for centuries. Any liquid that will not react with its material can be stored in it. Mataras are mostly made of plastic, glass, aluminum, metal materials.

Plastic flasks have some positive aspects. Firstly, they are easily accessible products, cheaper than the production of a glass and metal flask, which makes a plastic flask affordable. In addition, it is not shatterproof like glass or hard like metal, it is suitable for children. Finally, if the advantage of being transparent is used, we can see the liquid inside.

There are also some negative aspects of plastic flask. When harmful chemicals contained in plastic enter the body, they can cause diseases such as obesity, depression, and even increase the risk of various cancers. In addition, it poses a danger to nature.

In my opinion, it is the healthiest to use a flask made of stainless steel material. Because it is unbreakable, does not harm human health and nature.

PLASTİC SPOON AND FORK

The pros and cons of the plastic spoons I will write about it. First of all, we use plastic spoons in many places and it provides us convenience in our lives.In this article, we will look at the usage areas and the benefits and harms as we said.

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First of all, the first convenience provided by plastic spoons is this. we use it a lot when we buy food from one place and eat it in another place. With this situation, we do not have to take a spoon with us. Secondly, we can be sure that they are clean since they are disposable.

We will talk about the harmful aspects of plastic spoons, but before that we need to know what products and components plastic is made of.

Plastics are formed by the combination of some organic products. These are the following items; cellulose, coal, natural gas, salt and crude oil. we can see harmful substances in these products without needing to say. In some countries, the use of plastic spoons, forks and glasses is prohibited. The German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (Bfr) wrote a report that plastic kitchenware emits a carcinogenic substance called oligomer when used above 70°C.,

As we can understand from this short information, using plastic spoon and fork is as useful as it is dangerous.

Product Review: Paper Cup

Cardboard cups are cups that can be used comfortably while sitting outside in daily life.

Altough they pass less heat than cardboard plastics, they burn the hand when held for a long time. In addition, cardboard cups are not a type that can be used too much, 2-3 uses will cause problems and wear. In addition, cardboard cups can be changed constantly, as they are affordable.

In addition, cardboard cups are healthier than plastic cups.

Product Review: Plastic Water Bottle

The pros and cons of the plastic water bottle will be discussed.The plastic water bottle is one of the most used packages today, where water is stored as a common need of people. Plastic water bottle has its pros to carry the water we need with us because there is the amount of water people need to consume on a daily basis, besides plastic water bottles have some cons.

Thanks to its plastic water bottle packaging and easy portability, it can always be found with us. Plastic water bottles come in different sizes and quantities of packaging. We can choose and carry these water bottles in a way that we will need in our daily life or that we can easily carry with us. Since it is plastic, there is no danger of breakage as a result of dropping it or getting hit in our bag, and it is light, there is no much packaging weight. Plastic water bottles do not leak. It can be carried in different liquids in plastic water bottles. Plastic water bottles are made of a polyethylene material called PET. Not suitable for long-term use. In addition to all these, it is said that the plastic water bottle can be harmful to health for long use because it is said that the plastic material can have a toxic effect in long-term use. Plastic bottles also have harmful aspects such as bad odor and bacterial production in long-term use. In addition, if plastic bottles are thrown into nature, it can take many years to disappear in nature. For this reason, it may be both polluting the environment and harming the nature. These may have cons of plastic water bottles.

Considering all these details, plastic bottles should be used for single use in a way that is not harmful to health and should be recycled when we are finished. In this way, the damage to both health and the environment will be minimized.

Product Review: Headphone

In today’s article, I will tell you my positive and negative thoughts about bluetooth headphones that I use a lot in my daily life. Like many people, I use a lot of bluetooth headphones in my daily life. So, how much do we know about these headphones? Is it harmful to health? What are the benefits for us in our daily life? I will answer questions such as

I think the most important thing the headset gives us is privacy. Thanks to the headphones, only we can hear everything we listen to. I couldn’t listen to the music I wanted outside when I forgot to take headphones with me. This situation was really challenging for me, but I actually learned how valuable a headset is thanks to this situation.

For example, you can listen to music as you wish in the market without disturbing anyone.

Bluetooth headphones do not have a cable like other headphones. Even if the phone is in our bag when we leave the house, we can talk to another person without taking the phone out of our bag. Wired headphones can get tangled in our hands and the cable can break. What I particularly like is that we can end calls and pause and start music just by tapping the earpiece. In addition, since the edges are made in an oval shape, it is very easy to hold and does not hurt the hand.

Of course, bluetooth headphones have disadvantages as well as benefits. The problem with wired headphones, for example, is that when they run out of charge, they can’t be used, and they cause hearing loss, a lack of attention. When listening to very loud songs, hearing loss may occur gradually after a while. Apart from that, we may not be able to hear the dangers coming from outside because of the songs played very loudly outside.

PRODUCT REVIEW: CELL PHONE

The majority of society usually use more their cell phones in daily life even they believe that phones have more cons for radiation. According to the research, the most people check their cell phones firstly when they woke up. Phones are not only communication devices. People do not have to carry computer to everywhere anymore due to the fact that phones can do that computer does.

Cell phones have pros and cons. There is a huge negative thing that is radiation. Radiation affect human body negatively. Radiation harms DNA and it causes of cell death. And this situation make people being cancer. Some researchers show that, phones are harmful for eyes and brain development. Also, phones will be closed itself because of phones material in the winter. Even these informations can not stop people to using phones. On the other hand, phones are undeniably the most useful devices. People can talk, texting each other. They can send each other what they want.

According to the research, cell phones are an e-waste and cannot be considered random. Cell phones and accessories are made from extracts and metal-clad metals for heating, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. Recycling of mobile phones, reducing greenhouse gases and using natural resources.

You can talk with everybody. Your location doesn’t matter.

In the ergonomics, there is a controversial issues. How to hold phone ? Experts say, users should not lower your head, pick up the phone. Keep your wrists as relaxed and straight as possible. Minimize strain on your wrists and fingers when using your devices. Stand as upright as possible.

In my opinion, cell phone makes people life more easier. In addition, mobile phones take up a lot of space in people’s daily lives. However, it is dangerous for human body. That’s why, people should use cell phones limited time in their daily life for their health.

Product Review:Mugs

I will examine the mug that is frequently used by people in daily life. The mug is manufactured from a borosilicate-containing glass. Because of that it might be said that it is a healthy and high quality product. Moreover, it is transparent that helps people to see whatever there is inside when we look from the outside. In addıtıon to that since it is glass, it can be reused.

The mug glass is fragile so that it can easily be broken when it is dropped or hit. In addition when using the product, we should pay attention to the part at whıch there is a direct contact with our hands. Because it is difficult to carry it by hand when ıt ıs hot or worm comparıng to beıng cold the liquid inside the glass. Therefore, it becomes more useful by adding a handle part. The handle part of the glass allows us to carry it easily.